Identity & origin
BOTANICAL IDENTITY
The right name is the first step.
Kew describes this taxon as a climbing perennial or subshrub. This notice concerns Piper longum, family Piperaceae. The pharmacopoeial material is: fruits.
Results are presented to explain the research; no self-medication recommendation.
Also known as: Poivre long, Piper longum
ANSM also names Piper retrofractum in the same entry. This profile covers Piper longum only; a multi-species product must specify its composition.A photograph alone does not guarantee identification for consumption.
An illustration is not enough to identify a plant for consumption. Do not forage for a species based solely on this profile.
Uses & evidence
UNDERSTANDING THE USES
Properties & uses.
Warfarin: interaction signal
A report concerns a toothache product containing long pepper taken with warfarin. It supports checking any combination.
This entry describes a risk or interaction, not a beneficial property.
Read the sourceThe traditional uses described are not clinical proof of effectiveness. Evidence for one preparation cannot automatically be applied to another.
Precautions before use
BEFORE ANY USE
Precautions & contraindications.
This guidance does not cover every individual situation. Missing information is not a guarantee of safety.
Contraindications & precautions
- Insufficient dataThis targeted audit does not provide a comprehensive contraindication review; this does not mean contraindications are absent.
Medicine interactions
- Reported interactionOne case reports INR fluctuations and stroke when warfarin was combined with a toothache solution containing Piper longum. This is a probable signal for the combined product; the plant’s independent role and interaction direction are not established for all products.Source
Other retained warnings · review incomplete
These existing warnings remain relevant to consult. Their exhaustive reassessment is outside this targeted review.
Restrictions and precautions
- The references in this notice do not establish a complete contraindication list. This limitation does not mean absence of risk.
Medicine interactions
- One case reports INR fluctuations and stroke when warfarin was combined with a toothache solution containing Piper longum. This is a probable signal for the combined product; the plant’s independent role and interaction direction are not established for all products.
Pregnancy, breastfeeding and children
The retained data do not support recommending medicinal use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
No paediatric use is proposed; pharmacopoeial listing does not establish a child-appropriate dose.
“Reported” does not prove causality; “possible” may reflect indirect evidence. “None reported” means none in the cited source, not that all combinations have been studied. Do not stop a prescribed treatment based on this profile.
Adverse effects
- The inventory alone does not establish adverse-effect type or frequency.
Pregnancy & breastfeeding
The retained data do not support recommending medicinal use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Children & adolescents
No paediatric use is proposed; pharmacopoeial listing does not establish a child-appropriate dose.
If symptoms persist, worsen or are unusual, consult a healthcare professional. In an emergency, contact the emergency services.
Available evidence
EXPLORE THE EVIDENCE
The available evidence.
A report concerns a toothache product containing long pepper taken with warfarin. It supports checking any combination.
Warfarin: interaction signal
INR fluctuations and an ischaemic stroke were reported; interaction with the product was judged probable.
This entry describes a risk or interaction, not a beneficial property.
Read the referenceLimitations to keep in mind.
During anticoagulant treatment, obtain a pharmacist’s check before using a product containing Piper longum.
Studies, findings & limitations
THE RESEARCH
What the research shows.
A laboratory or animal result alone does not demonstrate a benefit in humans. Each result must be read alongside the preparation studied and its limitations.
Warfarin: interaction signal
This entry describes a risk or interaction, not a beneficial property.
- Type of research
- Clinical case with causality assessment.
- Preparation concerned
- Multi-ingredient solution containing Piper longum.
- Observed results
- The observation is a pharmacovigilance signal, not a frequency estimate.
- Limitations to consider
- A combination product cannot isolate long-pepper effects with certainty; no universal interaction direction can be predicted.
What can we take from this?
A combination product cannot isolate long-pepper effects with certainty; no universal interaction direction can be predicted.
Documentary review dated 09/10/2026. The references remain available to check the context.
Sources & last review
CHECKING REFERENCES
Sources for this profile.
- ANSM — French Pharmacopoeia, List A, January 2026, p. 29Accessed on 09/10/2026
- GBIF — taxonomy of Piper longumAccessed on 09/10/2026
- Kew POWO — Piper longum L.Accessed on 09/10/2026
- Probable interaction between warfarin and a toothache solution containing Piper longum L. leading to ischemic stroke: a case report. — Huang J et al. (2026)Accessed on 09/10/2026
Image: Md. Tayhid Hasan · CC BY 4.0. View the original image and its licence. Image resized and converted to WebP.