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Botanical illustration: Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All.)

BOTANICAL ILLUSTRATION · ASTERACEAE

THE HERBARIUM · ASTERACEAE

Roman chamomile

Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All.

This chamomile is a different species from German chamomile. The selected monograph covers its flowers and their oral preparations.

Part used
Flowers
Origin & distribution
Azores, Western Europe and northwestern Africa.

Allergies to Asteraceae. Pregnancy, breastfeeding and children under 12: use is not recommended.

BOTANICAL IDENTITY

The right name is the first step.

Also known as: Roman chamomile, Anthemis nobilis L.

German chamomile is a different species; its indications cannot automatically be transferred.

An illustration is not enough to identify a plant for consumption. Do not forage for a species based solely on this profile.

01 · UNDERSTAND

Properties & uses.

Traditional use

Digestive comfort

Traditional use for mild digestive spasms, bloating and flatulence.

Read the source

The traditional uses described are not clinical proof of effectiveness. Evidence for one preparation cannot automatically be applied to another.

02 · UNDERSTAND THE ACTION

How does the plant act?

Roman chamomile is a species distinct from German chamomile. Its flowers are mainly used traditionally for digestive complaints, such as mild spasms, bloating and gas. Experiments on intestinal muscle make this use plausible, without constituting a therapeutic trial in people. Human data on relaxation come notably from aromatic massages: they do not demonstrate the effectiveness of an infusion for anxiety or insomnia.

Constituents to know.

Their presence and quantity depend on the plant part and preparation.

Esters in the aromatic fraction
The essential oil of the flowers is rich in esters, including angelates and tiglates. Its composition does not reproduce that of the infusion and differs from the aromatic profile of German chamomile.Read the reference
Flavonoids and sesquiterpene lactones
The flowers contain derivatives of apigenin and luteolin, as well as nobilin and related substances. These groups contribute to the plant’s chemical complexity; none alone is sufficient to define its clinical efficacy.Read the reference
Traditional use

Traditional relief of minor digestive problems

The monograph covers mild spasmodic digestive complaints, with distension and flatulence. It is based on long-standing use and does not classify Roman chamomile as a treatment whose efficacy has been established by robust trials.

Read the reference
Preclinical research

Smooth muscle relaxation: experimental observations

Extracts and flavonoid-rich fractions relax precontracted intestinal tissues in an organ bath. The crude extract may initially cause a transient contraction. This complex response cannot be reduced to a universal antispasmodic effect.

Read the reference
Insufficient evidence

Relaxation and sleep: uncertain specific benefit

The EMA assessment notes the lack of rigorous clinical research. Results obtained with German chamomile must not be attributed to this species, even though some chemical families are shared.

Read the reference

What this means for preparation.

Choose flowers whose label specifies Chamaemelum nobile, and do not use a study of Matricaria recutita as supporting evidence. Fragrance, bitterness and concentration vary with the form. The existence of an essential oil does not justify ingesting it at home.

03 · EXAMINE THE EVIDENCE

What the research shows.

A laboratory or animal result alone does not demonstrate a benefit in humans. Each result must be read alongside the preparation studied and its limitations.

01Preclinical research

A tissue study, including tissue of human origin

Type of research
Experimental study published in 2018 on isolated guinea pig and rat tissues and on human intestinal fragments.
Preparation concerned
Hydroethanolic flower extract, fractions, isolated flavonoids and essential oil of Chamaemelum nobile.
Observed results
The extract produces an initial contractile response followed by relaxation; relaxation is associated particularly with flavonoid-rich fractions. The oil tested also has a relaxing effect in this experimental system.
Limitations to consider
Isolated human tissue is not a treated patient: this experiment does not establish absorption, metabolism, tolerability or symptomatic benefit after ingestion.
Read the reference
02Human studies

Aromatherapy massage in palliative care

Type of research
A 1999 trial allocating 103 patients to massage with a carrier oil or massage with added Roman chamomile essential oil.
Preparation concerned
External application combined with massage; no herbal tea or oral intake.
Observed results
Anxiety decreased after the massages; several quality-of-life and symptom scores improved in the aromatherapy group.
Limitations to consider
The effect of massage, the care setting and methodological limitations prevent a reliable anxiolytic effect from being attributed to the plant alone. No results concern ordinary insomnia.
Read the reference

What can we take from this?

The dossier supports an explanation of traditional digestive use and experimental plausibility. It does not provide strong evidence for prescribing this plant for anxiety, insomnia, a digestive disease or a skin condition.

Documentary review dated 09/10/2026. The references remain available to check the context.

04 · CHOOSE A PREPARATION

One plant, several preparations.

Only forms documented in this profile’s sources are presented.

InfusionFlowers · Route: oral

Whole or fragmented dried flowers.

Please note: Ensure the correct botanical identity.

Read the source
Liquid extractFlowers · Route: oral

Hydroalcoholic extract defined in the monograph.

Please note: Contains alcohol; follow the package leaflet.

Read the source

05 · BEFORE ANY USE

Precautions & contraindications.

This guidance does not cover every individual situation. Missing information is not a guarantee of safety.

Contraindications

  • Allergy to the plant or to Asteraceae.

Medicine interactions

  • No interactions reported in the monograph; this does not guarantee compatibility with all treatments.

Adverse effects

  • No adverse effects reported in this monograph; a reaction is still possible.

Pregnancy & breastfeeding

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: medicinal use is not recommended because of insufficient data. Safety has not been established.

Children & adolescents

Under 12 years: not recommended due to lack of data.

If symptoms persist, worsen or are unusual, consult a healthcare professional. In an emergency, contact the emergency services.

06 · PUTTING KNOWLEDGE INTO PRACTICE

Preparations & recipes.

A DOCUMENTED PREPARATION

Roman chamomile infusion — adults

Traditional use for mild digestive spasms, bloating and flatulence. It does not establish clinically proven efficacy.

Adults · 18+To drinkTraditional use

Plant part: Dried flower heads

Ingredients & quantities

  • 1 to 4 g of dried flowers
  • 100 to 150 ml of boiling water

Preparation steps

  1. Check the species and plant part on the packaging; weigh the specified quantity.
  2. Pour the stated volume of boiling water over the herb in a heatproof cup.
  3. Steep for 5–15 minutes unless the leaflet says otherwise: the general EMA glossary method; this species monograph gives no specific time.
  4. Strain and cool to a comfortable drinking temperature.

Use: Monograph: 3 times daily between meals. Seek medical advice after two weeks or if symptoms worsen.

Storage: Prepare immediately before use according to the EMA glossary. No household storage period is documented in the monograph; do not prepare a batch for later use.

Before you start. This guide restricts use to adults aged 18 and over. Do not use with allergy to Roman chamomile or other Asteraceae plants. Do not confuse with German chamomile, whose uses and amounts differ. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: not recommended because safety data are insufficient. Seek advice with adverse reactions.

Read all plant precautions

07 · CHECK THE SOURCES

Sources for this profile.

  1. EMA — Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All.: overview and documentsAccessed on 08/10/2026
  2. EMA — monograph on Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All.Accessed on 09/10/2026
  3. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew — botanical identityAccessed on 08/10/2026
  4. EMA — Assessment report on Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All., flosAccessed on 09/10/2026
  5. Sándor et al. (2018) — Evidence Supports Tradition: The in Vitro Effects of Roman Chamomile on Smooth MusclesAccessed on 09/10/2026
  6. Wilkinson et al. (1999) — An evaluation of aromatherapy massage in palliative careAccessed on 09/10/2026
  7. EMA — Glossary on herbal teas: general preparation methodAccessed on 09/10/2026

Illustration: Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler’s Medizinal-Pflanzen · Public domain (Public Domain Mark 1.0). View the original image and its licence. Image resized and converted to WebP.

A TOUCH OF SOLÉA

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